Multispecies planting is an important approach to deliver ecosystem functions in afforestation projects. However, the importance of species richness vs specific species composition in this context remains unresolved.
To estimate species or functional group richness and compositional change between two communities, we calculated nestedness, where one community contains a subset of the species of another, and turnover, where two communities differ in species composition but not in species richness. We evaluated the effects of species/functional group nestedness and turnover on stand productivity using 315 mixed plots from a pool of 40 tree species in a large forest biodiversity experiment in subtropical China.
We found that the greater the differences in species or functional group nestedness and turnover, the greater the differences in stand productivity between plots. Additionally, the strong effects of both nestedness and turnover on stand productivity developed over the 11-yr observation period.
Our results indicate that selection of specific tree species is as important as planting a large number of species to support the productivity function of forests. Furthermore, the selection of specific tree species should be based on functionality, because beneficial effects of functional group composition were stronger than those of species composition.
Figure 1. Principal component analysis biplot for the trait-based water transport and carbon accumulation ability gradients.
Figure 2. Differences in stand volume between plots differing in either species or functional group richness (nestedness) or species or functional group composition (turnover) for the period 2011-2021.
Figure 3. Species and functional nestedness and turnover effects on differences in stand volume between plots.
Literature:
Lan Zhang, Bernhard Schmid, Franca J. Bongers, Shan Li, Goddert von Oheimb, Keping Ma, Xiaojuan Liu*. 2024. Strong nestedness and turnover effects on stand productivity in a long‐term forest biodiversity experiment. New Phytologist. Online. https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/nph.20210
Chinese report: https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/4zFusK_K0kdkZYGBkr1Mfg
